Reinigung, biochemische und biophysikalische Charakterisierung einer sauren α-Galactosidase aus den Samen von Annona squamosa (Puddingapfel)

 

Alpha-Galactosidase ist eine Exoglycosidase, die α-D-Galactose spaltet und zahlreiche Anwendungen in der Medizin-, Biotechnologie-, Lebensmittel- und Pharmaindustrie hat. In dieser Studie wurde eine niedermolekulare saure α-Galactosidase aus den Samen von Puddingapfel identifiziert. Die Reinigung von α-Galactosidase aus dem Rohextrakt entfetteter Samen wurde unter Verwendung von Ammoniumsulfatfraktionierung, hydrophober Wechselwirkung und Gelfiltrationschromatographietechniken erreicht. Die gereinigte Puddingapfel-α-Galactosidase (CaG) wanderte als einzelne Bande in nativer PAGE entsprechend einem Molekulargewicht von ~ 67 kDa und gespaltenen chromogenen, fluorogenen und natürlichen Substraten.

Es wurde gefunden, dass CaG ein Heterodimer mit Untereinheitenmassen von 40 und 30 kDa ist. Die kinetischen Parameter wie KM und Vmax betrugen mit p-Nitrophenyl-α-D-galactopyranosid 0,67 mM bzw. 1,5 U / mg. Galactose, Methyl-α-D-Galactopyranosid und D-Galacturonsäure hemmten die CaG-Aktivität im gemischten Modus. Die CD-Spektralanalyse im fernen UV-Bereich zeigte, dass gereinigtes CaG in seiner Sekundärstruktur überwiegend als Helix (35%), Beta-Faltblätter (16,3%) und Zufallsspulen (32,3%) vorliegt. Diese biochemischen und biophysikalischen Eigenschaften von CaG führen zum Verständnis seiner Primärsequenz und seiner Glykanstrukturen, die schließlich seine neuartigen physiologischen Rollen in Pflanzen und potenziellen industriellen Anwendungen definieren werden.

In diesem Artikel wird der Einfluss von Faktoren auf die Produktinnovation untersucht, die auf der Transformation und Nutzung von Wissen aus den organisationsinternen Beziehungen eines Unternehmens beruhen. Insbesondere analysiert dieses Papier den Einfluss des intraorganisatorischen Sozialkapitals (SC) (d. H. Bestehend aus strukturellen, relationalen und kognitiven Dimensionen) auf die realisierte Absorptionskapazität (RACAP). Darüber hinaus wird die Vermittlerrolle von RACAP in Bezug auf die Beziehung zwischen internem SC und Produktinnovation analysiert. Basierend auf einer Stichprobe von Unternehmen aus der spanischen biotechnologischen und pharmazeutischen Industrie wurden zwei Hypothesen unter Verwendung eines Strukturgleichungsmodells und der PLS-Technik (Partial Least Squares) getestet.

Die Ergebnisse stützen beide Hypothesen, was darauf hindeutet, dass die Entwicklung starker und enger Verbindungen, die auf einem gemeinsamen Verständnis und Vertrauen der Unternehmensmitglieder beruhen, das Unternehmen dazu veranlasst, dynamische Fähigkeiten zur Transformation und Nutzung von extern erworbenem Wissen zu entwickeln, was Innovationen auf der Grundlage der Entwicklung neuer Produkte fördert. Forschungsgrenzen, Implikationen und zukünftige Forschung werden auch von den Autoren des Papiers diskutiert.

 

Intensive Bitterkeit von Molekülen: Maschinelles Lernen zur Beschleunigung der Wirkstoffentdeckung

Die Arzneimittelentwicklung ist ein langer, teurer und mehrstufiger Prozess, der darauf abzielt, sichere Arzneimittel mit hoher Wirksamkeit zu erzielen. Eine entscheidende Voraussetzung für den Abschluss des Medikationsschemas für orale Medikamente, insbesondere für pädiatrische und geriatrische Bevölkerungsgruppen, ist das Erreichen eines Geschmacks, der die Compliance nicht behindert. Derzeit wird der aversive Geschmack von Arzneimitteln in späten Stadien klinischer Studien getestet. Dies kann zu einer Neuformulierung führen, die möglicherweise dazu führt, dass mehr Tiere für zusätzliche Toxizitätsversuche verwendet werden, die finanziellen Kosten steigen und die Markteinführung verzögert wird.

Hier präsentieren wir BitterIntense, ein Werkzeug für maschinelles Lernen, das Moleküle aufgrund ihrer chemischen Struktur in “sehr bitter” oder “nicht sehr bitter” klassifiziert. Das Modell, das auf chemisch verschiedenen Verbindungen trainiert wurde, weist bei mehreren Testsätzen eine Genauigkeit von über 80% auf. Unsere Ergebnisse legen nahe, dass etwa 25% der Arzneimittel als sehr bitter vorhergesagt werden, wobei die Prävalenz (~ 40%) bei COVID19-Arzneimittelkandidaten und bei mikrobiellen Naturstoffen noch höher ist. Es wird vorausgesagt, dass nur ~ 10% der toxischen Moleküle stark bitter sind, und es wird auch vermutet, dass intensive Bitterkeit nicht mit der Hepatotoxizität von Arzneimitteln korreliert.

Sehr bittere Verbindungen können jedoch kardiotoxischer sein als nicht sehr bittere Verbindungen, die signifikant niedrigere QPlogHERG-Werte besitzen. BitterIntense ermöglicht eine schnelle und einfache Vorhersage der starken Bitterkeit von Verbindungen, die für die Lebensmittel-, Pharma- und Biotechnologieindustrie von Interesse sind. Wir schätzen, dass die Implementierung von BitterIntense oder ähnlichen Tools zu Beginn des Arzneimittelentdeckungsprozesses zu einer Verringerung der Verzögerungen, des Tiergebrauchs und der finanziellen Gesamtbelastung führen kann.

Empfehlungen zur Straffung und Standardisierung der Machbarkeitsbewertungen für Standorte für klinische Studien: Eine ASCO-Forschungserklärung

Machbarkeitsbewertungen (FAs) sind wichtig, um die Standortfähigkeiten für die Durchführung klinischer Studien und ihre Eignung für bestimmte Studien zu ermitteln. Derzeitige FA-Methoden, die von Sponsoren von Biotechnologie- und Pharmaversuchen (Biotech-Pharma) und Auftragsforschungsorganisationen (CROs) verwendet werden, sind jedoch kostspielig, ineffizient, unnötig belastend und ressourcenintensiv. Diese Methoden verzögern den Start der Studie, wirken als Hindernis für die Teilnahme am Standort und verringern letztendlich den rechtzeitigen Zugang der Patienten zu klinischen Studien und neuartigen Behandlungen.
Methoden: Eine ASCO-Task Force wurde einberufen, um die spezifischen Belastungen und Herausforderungen der FA zu bewerten und Empfehlungen zur Verbesserung ihrer Effizienz und Effektivität zu entwickeln. Stakeholder (einschließlich Versuchsstandorte, Biotech-Pharma-Sponsoren und CROs) gaben Einblicke in Herausforderungen und boten Lösungen durch zwei Umfragen und ein persönliches Treffen an.

Die Task Force nutzte das Feedback, um Konsensempfehlungen zur Verbesserung der FAs für klinische Studien in der Onkologie zu formulieren.
Ergebnisse: Drei wichtige Empfehlungen wurden für die Anwendung in allen von Biotech-Pharma gesponserten Studien ermittelt: (1) Implementierung eines optimierten und einheitlichen FA-Prozesses in allen Studien und Sponsoren; (2) Fragen minimieren und standardisieren; und (3) Nutzung von Technologie zur Zentralisierung von FAs, Erleichterung der Kommunikation und Reduzierung von Redundanzen.
Schlussfolgerung: Es ist dringend erforderlich, den derzeitigen FA-Prozess zu verbessern, der kostspielig, inkonsistent, ineffizient, arbeitsintensiv und von ungewisser Wirksamkeit ist.

 

Congo Red
HY-D0236	MedChemExpress	500mg	EUR 159.6

THERMAL PRINTER PAPER
GD-PAPER	CORNING	1/pk	EUR 224.4
Description: Lab Equipment; Axygen Branded EQ

Congo Red Solution
CRA030	ScyTek Laboratories	30 ml	EUR 88.8

Congo Red Solution
CRA500	ScyTek Laboratories	500 ml	EUR 127.2

Congo Red Solution
CRA999	ScyTek Laboratories	1000 ml	EUR 171.6

Congo Red Powder
abx090680-5g	Abbexa	5 g	EUR 226.8

Congo Red (C.I. 22120)
GT5674-100G	Glentham Life Sciences	100 g	EUR 74.4

Congo Red (C.I. 22120)
GT5674-250G	Glentham Life Sciences	250 g	EUR 103.2

Congo Red (C.I. 22120)
GT5674-25G	Glentham Life Sciences	25 g	EUR 54

Congo Red Indicator 0.1%
COR01001	Scientific Laboratory Supplies	1L	EUR 241.68

Congo Red Indicator 0.1%
COR01005	Scientific Laboratory Supplies	500ML	EUR 71.82

Congo Red Indicator 1%
COR1005	Scientific Laboratory Supplies	500ML	EUR 88.92

Congo Red Indicator 0.1%
COR105	Scientific Laboratory Supplies	500ML	EUR 71.82

Congo Red "high purity grade"
80028	Biotium	100MG	EUR 206.4
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 100MG

Amyloid Stain Kit (Congo Red)
AMY-1	ScyTek Laboratories	1 kit(s)	EUR 198

Amyloid Stain Kit (Congo Red)
AMY-2	ScyTek Laboratories	1 kit(s)	EUR 130.8

FD Congo Red Solution™
PS108	FD Neurotechnologies	500 ml	EUR 284.4

USP Sol. Congo Red TS
USP1901	Scientific Laboratory Supplies	100ML	EUR 57

USP Sol. Congo Red TS
USP1905	Scientific Laboratory Supplies	500ML	EUR 94.62

EP Reagent Lead Acetate Paper
R1048102	Scientific Laboratory Supplies	PK50	EUR 243.96

EP Reagent Mercuric Bromide Paper
1052101	Scientific Laboratory Supplies	PK50	EUR 243.96

Johnson Litmus Red Paper
PAP1130	Scientific Laboratory Supplies	PK10	EUR 7.13

Pharmacopoeia 1M Cupriethylenediamine
3008700	Scientific Laboratory Supplies	1L	EUR 288.42

EP Reagent Ruthenium Red Sol.
1075201	Scientific Laboratory Supplies	100ML	EUR 103.74

Whatman Red Litmus Indicator Paper
PAP1024	Scientific Laboratory Supplies	PK10	EUR 84.36

Congo Red *UltraPure grade* *CAS 573-58-0*
23056	AAT Bioquest	100 mg	EUR 138

CP Reagent Coloration Primary Solution Red
CPPR01	Scientific Laboratory Supplies	100ML	EUR 166.44

EP Reagent Methyl Red Mixed Sol.
1055101	Scientific Laboratory Supplies	100ML	EUR 42.18

EP Reagent Phenol Red Sol. R2
1063603	Scientific Laboratory Supplies	500ML	EUR 79.8

SLS Select Indicator Paper Red Litmus
PAP1002	Scientific Laboratory Supplies	PK10	EUR 9.37

EP Reagent Indicator Sol. Methyl Red 0.02%
1055102	Scientific Laboratory Supplies	100ML	EUR 42.18

Whatman Red Litmus 6mmx5m Roll Indicator Paper
PAP1116	Scientific Laboratory Supplies	EACH	EUR 18.24

EP Reagent Bromocresol Green Methyl Red Mixed Indicator
1012602	Scientific Laboratory Supplies	100ML	EUR 42.18

EP Reagent Bromocresol Green - Methyl Red Mixed Indicator
10126021	Scientific Laboratory Supplies	1L	EUR 210.9

EP Reagent Bromocresol Green - Methyl Red Mixed Indicator
10126025	Scientific Laboratory Supplies	5L	EUR 330.6

EP Reagent Biuret Reagent
1011601	Scientific Laboratory Supplies	1L	EUR 42.18

EP Reagent Iodoplatinate Reagent
1046300	Scientific Laboratory Supplies	200ML	EUR 360.24

EP Reagent Methoxyphenylacetic Reagent
1053601	Scientific Laboratory Supplies	100ML	EUR 354.54

EP Reagent Molybdovanadic Reagent
1056700	Scientific Laboratory Supplies	100ML	EUR 42.18

EP Reagent Phosphomolybdotungstic Reagent
1065000	Scientific Laboratory Supplies	100ML	EUR 161.88

EP Reagent Sulfomolybdic Reagent R3
1086500	Scientific Laboratory Supplies	1L	EUR 287.28

Bluing Reagent
BRT030	ScyTek Laboratories	30 ml	EUR 72

Bluing Reagent
BRT125	ScyTek Laboratories	125 ml	EUR 75.6

Bluing Reagent
BRT3800	ScyTek Laboratories	1 Gal.	EUR 220.8

Bluing Reagent
BRT500	ScyTek Laboratories	500 ml	EUR 91.2

Bluing Reagent
BRT999	ScyTek Laboratories	1000 ml	EUR 105.6

BOP reagent
5-02141	CHI Scientific	25g	Ask for price

BOP reagent
5-02142	CHI Scientific	100g	Ask for price

Chymase reagent
30C-CP1129	Fitzgerald	5 units	EUR 2622
Description: Purified native Human Chymase reagent

Traut's Reagent
2330-1000	Biovision		EUR 418.8

Traut's Reagent
2330-500	Biovision		EUR 248.4

MTS Reagent
2808-1000	Biovision		EUR 1188

MTS Reagent
2808-250	Biovision		EUR 438

MTT Reagent
2809-1G	Biovision		EUR 216

MTT Reagent
2809-5G	Biovision		EUR 652.8

BOP reagent
A7015-100000	ApexBio	100 g	EUR 240
Description: A peptide coupling reagent. Can be used in the preparation of phenyl esters of amino acids which have been shown to be valuable as blocked derivatives of amino acids in the field of peptide synthesis.

BOP reagent
A7015-25000	ApexBio	25 g	EUR 135.6
Description: A peptide coupling reagent. Can be used in the preparation of phenyl esters of amino acids which have been shown to be valuable as blocked derivatives of amino acids in the field of peptide synthesis.

Bradford reagent
BDE641	Bio Basic	100ml	EUR 73.21

Beaucage reagent
HY-100951	MedChemExpress	10mM/1mL	EUR 151.2

Ninhydrin Reagent
MIC6746	Scientific Laboratory Supplies	EACH	EUR 31.12

Nessler Reagent
NESSR	Scientific Laboratory Supplies	500ML	EUR 148.2

Phosphate Reagent
106199	Scientific Laboratory Supplies	PK100	EUR 61.29

Chromium Reagent
1206699	Scientific Laboratory Supplies	EACH	EUR 141.72

Thioacetamide Reagent
THIOR01	Scientific Laboratory Supplies	100ML	EUR 78.66

Phenophalein paper
PAP1120	Scientific Laboratory Supplies	EACH	EUR 18.24

Motor for hub paper feed cleaning paper
WAT4708	Scientific Laboratory Supplies	EACH	EUR 311.22

BCA Reagent, 16ML
C144-16ML	Arbor Assays	16ML	EUR 195.6

DTT (Cleland's reagent)
DB0058	Bio Basic	5g	EUR 101.76

DTNB (Ellman's Reagent)
DB0113	Bio Basic	5g	EUR 117.42

Specimen Preservation Reagent
DA0970	Daan Gene	100 test/kit	Ask for price

PhosphoBlocker Blocking Reagent
AKR-103	Cell Biolabs	1L	EUR 393.6
Description: Most commercially available Western blot blockers, such as dry milk or serum, are sufficient to block unreactive sites on the membrane. However, they are not designed to preserve phosphoprotein antigens during blotting. Our PhosphoBLOCKER Blocking Reagent provides superior blocking by maximizing signal-to-noise ratio. The PhosphoBLOCKER reagent particluarly excels with very low levels of endogenous phopsphoproteins.

PhosphoBlocker Blocking Reagent
AKR-104	Cell Biolabs	4L	EUR 853.2
Description: Most commercially available Western blot blockers, such as dry milk or serum, are sufficient to block unreactive sites on the membrane. However, they are not designed to preserve phosphoprotein antigens during blotting. Our PhosphoBLOCKER Blocking Reagent provides superior blocking by maximizing signal-to-noise ratio. The PhosphoBLOCKER reagent particluarly excels with very low levels of endogenous phopsphoproteins.

Tri-RNA Reagent
FATRR-001	Favorgen	100ml	EUR 283.2

Tri-RNA Reagent
FATRR-002	Favorgen	50ml	EUR 211.2

Tri-RNA Reagent
FATRR-003	Favorgen	450ml	EUR 774

Biotin reagent (HRP)
65C-CE0202	Fitzgerald	5 mg	EUR 292.8
Description: HRP conjugated biotin labelling reagent

Convoy? Transfection Reagent
1110-1ml	ACTGene		EUR 409.2

BODIPY-Acetylene Reagent
2594-1	Biovision		EUR 248.4

BODIPY-Acetylene Reagent
2594-5	Biovision		EUR 810

Griess Reagent Kit
30100	Biotium	1KIT	EUR 178.8
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

BSA (Reagent Grade)
30-AB79	Fitzgerald	1 kg	EUR 1862.4
Description: Reagent Grade Bovine Serum Albumin (99% pure)

BSA (Reagent Grade)
30-AB81	Fitzgerald	200 grams	EUR 571.2
Description: Reagent Grade Sulphydryl Blocked BSA (99% pure)

Bradford Dye Reagent
0209R	AthenaES	100 ml	EUR 157.2

EL Transfection Reagent
20-abx098880	Abbexa	EUR 460.80 EUR 644.40	0.75 ml 1.5 ml

Mycoplasma Prevention Reagent
20-abx098886	Abbexa	EUR 510.00 EUR 610.80	1 ml 5 ml

Girard's reagent T
20-abx184099	Abbexa	EUR 243.60 EUR 376.80	100 g 500 g

FcR blocking Reagent
20-abx290024	Abbexa	EUR 452.40 EUR 619.20	200 tests 400 tests

Detection Reagent A
abx296004-120ul	Abbexa	120 ul	EUR 385.2

Mycoplasma Prevention Reagent
20-abx298005	Abbexa	EUR 243.60 EUR 343.20	1 ml 5 ml

HAMA blocking reagent
85R-1001	Fitzgerald	1 gram	EUR 2368.8
Description: HAMA Blocking Reagent for use in immunoassays such as ELISA

HAMA blocking reagent
85R-1001P	Fitzgerald	1 gram	EUR 2628
Description: HAMA Blocking Reagent for use in immunoassays such as ELISA

HAMA blocking reagent
85R-1003	Fitzgerald	1 gram	EUR 2368.8
Description: HAMA Blocking Reagent for use in immunoassays such as Rapid Tests

HAMA blocking reagent
85R-1014	Fitzgerald	50 mg	EUR 230.4
Description: HAMA blocking reagent for use in assays specific for clinical false positive samples

HAMA blocking reagent
85R-1025	Fitzgerald	50 mg	EUR 230.4
Description: HAMA blocking reagent for use in immunoassays

HAMA blocking reagent
85R-1026	Fitzgerald	50 mg	EUR 230.4
Description: HAMA blocking reagent for use in immunoassays

Biolipidure-1002-Reagent
Biolipidure-1002-10	Cusabio	10mL	EUR 235.2
Description: The Biolipidure-1002-Reagent is a synthetic amphoteric polymer that can be substituted for BSA in tubidimetric immunoassays. Biolipidure-1002 is an excellent blocker and also enhances assay sensitivity. Applications include: Immunoassays, Western blots, Immunohistochemistry, Turbidimetric assays, Immunochromatography, and Bead based assays. Benefits include: No lot to lot variation, No animal derived materials, Non-specific adsorption suppression, Stabilization of immobilized antibody, Stabilization of enzyme-antibody conjugate, Enzyme-substrate reaction enhancement and aggregation reaction enhancement

Biolipidure-1002-Reagent
Biolipidure-1002-100	Biolipidure	100mL	EUR 1467.6
Description: The Biolipidure-1002-Reagent is a synthetic amphoteric polymer that can be substituted for BSA in tubidimetric immunoassays. Biolipidure-1002 is an excellent blocker and also enhances assay sensitivity. Applications include: Immunoassays, Western blots, Immunohistochemistry, Turbidimetric assays, Immunochromatography, and Bead based assays. Benefits include: No lot to lot variation, No animal derived materials, Non-specific adsorption suppression, Stabilization of immobilized antibody, Stabilization of enzyme-antibody conjugate, Enzyme-substrate reaction enhancement and aggregation reaction enhancement

Biolipidure-103-Reagent
Biolipidure-103-10	Biolipidure	10mL	EUR 235.2
Description: The Biolipidure-103-Reagent is a synthetic amphoteric polymer that can be substituted for BSA. It has been shown to enhance signals in rapid tests, western blots, and other similar immunochromatographic assays. Applications include: Immunoassays, Western blots, Immunohistochemistry, Turbidimetric assays, Immunochromatography, and Bead based assays. Applications include: Immunoassays, Western blots, Immunohistochemistry, Turbidimetric assays, Immunochromatography, and Bead based assays. Benefits include: No lot to lot variation, No animal derived materials, Non-specific adsorption suppression, Stabilization of immobilized antibody, Stabilization of enzyme-antibody conjugate, Enzyme-substrate reaction enhancement and aggregation reaction enhancement

Biolipidure-103-Reagent
Biolipidure-103-100	Biolipidure	100mL	EUR 1467.6
Description: The Biolipidure-103-Reagent is a synthetic amphoteric polymer that can be substituted for BSA. It has been shown to enhance signals in rapid tests, western blots, and other similar immunochromatographic assays. Applications include: Immunoassays, Western blots, Immunohistochemistry, Turbidimetric assays, Immunochromatography, and Bead based assays. Benefits include: No lot to lot variation, No animal derived materials, Non-specific adsorption suppression, Stabilization of immobilized antibody, Stabilization of enzyme-antibody conjugate, Enzyme-substrate reaction enhancement and aggregation reaction enhancement

Biolipidure-1201-Reagent
Biolipidure-1201-10	Biolipidure	10mL	EUR 235.2
Description: The Biolipidure-1201 Reagent is a synthetic amphoteric polymer that can be substituted for BSA. Applications include: Immunoassays, Western blots, Immunohistochemistry, Turbidimetric assays, Immunochromatography, and Bead based assays. Benefits include: No lot to lot variation, No animal derived materials, Non-specific adsorption suppression, Stabilization of immobilized antibody, Stabilization of enzyme-antibody conjugate, Enzyme-substrate reaction enhancement and aggregation reaction enhancement

Biolipidure-1201-Reagent
Biolipidure-1201-100	Biolipidure	100mL	EUR 1467.6
Description: The Biolipidure-1201 Reagent is a synthetic amphoteric polymer that can be substituted for BSA. Applications include: Immunoassays, Western blots, Immunohistochemistry, Turbidimetric assays, Immunochromatography, and Bead based assays. Benefits include: No lot to lot variation, No animal derived materials, Non-specific adsorption suppression, Stabilization of immobilized antibody, Stabilization of enzyme-antibody conjugate, Enzyme-substrate reaction enhancement and aggregation reaction enhancement

Biolipidure-1301-Reagent
Biolipidure-1301-10	Biolipidure	10mL	EUR 235.2
Description: The Biolipidure-1301 Reagent is a synthetic amphoteric polymer that can be substituted for BSA. Applications include: Immunoassays, Western blots, Immunohistochemistry, Turbidimetric assays, Immunochromatography, and Bead based assays. Benefits include: No lot to lot variation, No animal derived materials, Non-specific adsorption suppression, Stabilization of immobilized antibody, Stabilization of enzyme-antibody conjugate, Enzyme-substrate reaction enhancement and aggregation reaction enhancement

Biolipidure-1301-Reagent
Biolipidure-1301-100	Biolipidure	100mL	EUR 1467.6
Description: The Biolipidure-1301 Reagent is a synthetic amphoteric polymer that can be substituted for BSA. Applications include: Immunoassays, Western blots, Immunohistochemistry, Turbidimetric assays, Immunochromatography, and Bead based assays. Benefits include: No lot to lot variation, No animal derived materials, Non-specific adsorption suppression, Stabilization of immobilized antibody, Stabilization of enzyme-antibody conjugate, Enzyme-substrate reaction enhancement and aggregation reaction enhancement

Biolipidure-203-Reagent
Biolipidure-203-10	Biolipidure	10mL	EUR 235.2
Description: The Biolipidure-203 Reagent is a synthetic amphoteric polymer that can be substituted for BSA. Biolipidure-203 has been shown to enhance signal strength by improving signal-to-noise in ELISAs, EIAs, and related immunoassays. It also functions as an effective blocker and stabilizer in these assays. Applications include: Immunoassays, Western blots, Immunohistochemistry, Turbidimetric assays, Immunochromatography, and Bead based assays. Benefits include: No lot to lot variation, No animal derived materials, Non-specific adsorption suppression, Stabilization of immobilized antibody, Stabilization of enzyme-antibody conjugate, Enzyme-substrate reaction enhancement and aggregation reaction enhancement

Biolipidure-203-Reagent
Biolipidure-203-100	Biolipidure	100mL	EUR 1467.6
Description: The Biolipidure-203 Reagent is a synthetic amphoteric polymer that can be substituted for BSA. Biolipidure-203 has been shown to enhance signal strength by improving signal-to-noise in ELISAs, EIAs, and related immunoassays. It also functions as an effective blocker and stabilizer in these assays. Applications include: Immunoassays, Western blots, Immunohistochemistry, Turbidimetric assays, Immunochromatography, and Bead based assays. Benefits include: No lot to lot variation, No animal derived materials, Non-specific adsorption suppression, Stabilization of immobilized antibody, Stabilization of enzyme-antibody conjugate, Enzyme-substrate reaction enhancement and aggregation reaction enhancement

Biolipidure-206-Reagent
Biolipidure-206-10	Biolipidure	10mL	EUR 235.2
Description: The Biolipidure-206 Reagent is a synthetic amphoteric polymer that can be substituted for BSA. Biolipidure-206 enhances signal strength, functions as an effective blocker, and stabilizes proteins and antibodies in ELISAs, EIAs, and related immunoassays. Applications include: Immunoassays, Western blots, Immunohistochemistry, Turbidimetric assays, Immunochromatography, and Bead based assays. Benefits include: No lot to lot variation, No animal derived materials, Non-specific adsorption suppression, Stabilization of immobilized antibody, Stabilization of enzyme-antibody conjugate, Enzyme-substrate reaction enhancement and aggregation reaction enhancement

Biolipidure-206-Reagent
Biolipidure-206-100	Biolipidure	100mL	EUR 1467.6
Description: The Biolipidure-206 Reagent is a synthetic amphoteric polymer that can be substituted for BSA. Biolipidure-206 enhances signal strength, functions as an effective blocker, and stabilizes proteins and antibodies in ELISAs, EIAs, and related immunoassays. Applications include: Immunoassays, Western blots, Immunohistochemistry, Turbidimetric assays, Immunochromatography, and Bead based assays. Benefits include: No lot to lot variation, No animal derived materials, Non-specific adsorption suppression, Stabilization of immobilized antibody, Stabilization of enzyme-antibody conjugate, Enzyme-substrate reaction enhancement and aggregation reaction enhancement

Biolipidure-405-Reagent
Biolipidure-405-10	Biolipidure	10mL	EUR 235.2
Description: The Biolipidure-405 Reagent is a synthetic anionic polymer that can be used to enhance immunochromatographic assays. Applications include: Immunoassays, Western blots, Immunohistochemistry, Turbidimetric assays, Immunochromatography, and Bead based assays. Benefits include: No lot to lot variation, No animal derived materials, Non-specific adsorption suppression, Stabilization of immobilized antibody, Stabilization of enzyme-antibody conjugate, Enzyme-substrate reaction enhancement and aggregation reaction enhancement

Biolipidure-405-Reagent
Biolipidure-405-100	Biolipidure	100mL	EUR 1467.6
Description: The Biolipidure-405 Reagent is a synthetic anionic polymer that can be used to enhance immunochromatographic assays. Applications include: Immunoassays, Western blots, Immunohistochemistry, Turbidimetric assays, Immunochromatography, and Bead based assays. Benefits include: No lot to lot variation, No animal derived materials, Non-specific adsorption suppression, Stabilization of immobilized antibody, Stabilization of enzyme-antibody conjugate, Enzyme-substrate reaction enhancement and aggregation reaction enhancement

Biolipidure-502-Reagent
Biolipidure-502-10	Biolipidure	10mL	EUR 235.2
Description: The Biolipidure-502 Reagent is a synthetic cationic polymer. Applications include: Immunoassays, Western blots, Immunohistochemistry, Turbidimetric assays, Immunochromatography, and Bead based assays. Benefits include: No lot to lot variation, No animal derived materials, Non-specific adsorption suppression, Stabilization of immobilized antibody, Stabilization of enzyme-antibody conjugate, Enzyme-substrate reaction enhancement and aggregation reaction enhancement

Biolipidure-502-Reagent
Biolipidure-502-100	Biolipidure	100mL	EUR 1467.6
Description: The Biolipidure-502 Reagent is a synthetic cationic polymer. Applications include: Immunoassays, Western blots, Immunohistochemistry, Turbidimetric assays, Immunochromatography, and Bead based assays. Benefits include: No lot to lot variation, No animal derived materials, Non-specific adsorption suppression, Stabilization of immobilized antibody, Stabilization of enzyme-antibody conjugate, Enzyme-substrate reaction enhancement and aggregation reaction enhancement

Biolipidure-702-Reagent
Biolipidure-702-10	Biolipidure	10mL	EUR 235.2
Description: The Biolipidure-702 Reagent is a synthetic amphoteric polymer. Applications include: Immunoassays, Western blots, Immunohistochemistry, Turbidimetric assays, Immunochromatography, and Bead based assays. Benefits include: No lot to lot variation, No animal derived materials, Non-specific adsorption suppression, Stabilization of immobilized antibody, Stabilization of enzyme-antibody conjugate, Enzyme-substrate reaction enhancement and aggregation reaction enhancement

Biolipidure-702-Reagent
Biolipidure-702-100	Biolipidure	100mL	EUR 1467.6
Description: The Biolipidure-702 Reagent is a synthetic amphoteric polymer. Applications include: Immunoassays, Western blots, Immunohistochemistry, Turbidimetric assays, Immunochromatography, and Bead based assays. Benefits include: No lot to lot variation, No animal derived materials, Non-specific adsorption suppression, Stabilization of immobilized antibody, Stabilization of enzyme-antibody conjugate, Enzyme-substrate reaction enhancement and aggregation reaction enhancement

Biolipidure-802-Reagent
Biolipidure-802-10	Biolipidure	10mL	EUR 235.2
Description: The Biolipidure-802 Reagent is a synthetic amphoteric polymer that can be substituted for BSA. Biolipidure-802 generally enhances signal strength, functions as an effective blocker, and stabilizes proteins and antibodies in ELISAs, EIAs, Rapid-test, and related immunoassays. Applications include: Immunoassays, Western blots, Immunohistochemistry, Turbidimetric assays, Immunochromatography, and Bead based assays. Benefits include: No lot to lot variation, No animal derived materials, Non-specific adsorption suppression, Stabilization of immobilized antibody, Stabilization of enzyme-antibody conjugate, Enzyme-substrate reaction enhancement and aggregation reaction enhancement

Biolipidure-802-Reagent
Biolipidure-802-100	Biolipidure	100mL	EUR 1467.6
Description: The Biolipidure-802 Reagent is a synthetic amphoteric polymer that can be substituted for BSA. Biolipidure-802 generally enhances signal strength, functions as an effective blocker, and stabilizes proteins and antibodies in ELISAs, EIAs, Rapid-test, and related immunoassays. Applications include: Immunoassays, Western blots, Immunohistochemistry, Turbidimetric assays, Immunochromatography, and Bead based assays. Benefits include: No lot to lot variation, No animal derived materials, Non-specific adsorption suppression, Stabilization of immobilized antibody, Stabilization of enzyme-antibody conjugate, Enzyme-substrate reaction enhancement and aggregation reaction enhancement

LP4K Transfection Reagent
LP4K	GenTarget	1.0 ml / vial	EUR 364.8
Description: Lipid based transfection reagent for large plasmid and multiple plasmid transfection in both adhesive and suspenstion cell types.

Alcohol, Reagent (70%)
EAS500	ScyTek Laboratories	500 ml	EUR 94.8

Alcohol, Reagent (70%)
EAS999	ScyTek Laboratories	1000 ml	EUR 121.2

Ethyl acetate Reagent
EC4600	Bio Basic	1L	EUR 94.8

n-Heptane Reagent
HC5400	Bio Basic	1L	EUR 94.8

PureFection Transfection Reagent
LV750A-1	SBI	1 ml	EUR 430.8

TissueDigest Reagent, 20X
T101	Insitus Biotechnologies	10ml	EUR 252

ExFect2000 Transfection Reagent
T202-01	Vazyme	0.5 ml	EUR 272.4

Alle Beteiligten können von der Umsetzung dieser Empfehlungen profitieren, die darauf abzielen, die Belastungen zu minimieren und sicherzustellen, dass mehr Studienorte und Patienten rechtzeitig Zugang zu klinischen Onkologie-Studien haben. Um eine sinnvolle Wirkung zu erzielen, ist die Annahme und konsequente Umsetzung dieser Empfehlungen in allen Studien, Sponsoren, CROs und Standorten von entscheidender Bedeutung.